[IIGB_All] IIGB Seminar: Ruth Ley 4/24

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*Ruth Ley*

*Codiversification of gut microbes with humans and their interactions with
host immunity*

*       Date:* Friday, April 24

*          Time:* 12:00 pm-1:00pm

*             Location: *Genomics Auditorium 1102


*Abstract:*
Gut microbes influence multiple dimensions of human biology. However, the
evolutionary origins of the gut microbiota, and their human-specific
adaptations, remain poorly understood. To begin to answer these questions,
we have analyzed patterns of codiversification between microbial lineages
and their human hosts across three continents, identifying microbial
species with a shared evolutionary history and genomic traits consistent
with long-term host association. Many codiversified species belong to the
Lachnospiraceae, a family of gut bacteria distinguished by persisent
flagellar motility in the gut. Our analyses of their flagellins uncovered a
new mechanism of evading host immune detection (which we term silent
flagellins), in which host receptor binding occurs without immune
activation. We also find Lachnospiraceae engaged in priming fever responses
to an immune challenge (vaccination). Together, these findings indicate
long-standing evolutionary relationships with bacteria showing diverse,
direct interactions with host immunity.
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