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--></style></head><body lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple"><div class="WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><div style="border:none;border-top:solid #e1e1e1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> The California Botanical Society [mailto:<a href="mailto:membership@calbotsoc.org">membership@calbotsoc.org</a>] <br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, December 9, 2024 9:00 AM<br><b>To:</b> Amy Litt <<a href="mailto:amy.litt@ucr.edu">amy.litt@ucr.edu</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> This Thursday (Dec. 12 @ 7pm) - Botany Speaker: Allyssa Richards</span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" style="width:100.0%;border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in"><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;background:#344d32;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in"><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="0" style="width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td width="600" valign="top" style="width:6.25in;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in"><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><img width="100" id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://mcusercontent.com/c632809fa2b75323f2418bb1e/images/f872d1a5-13be-4538-b39a-e8a80e33d0f7.png"></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;min-width:100%;float:left"><tr><td width="596" valign="top" style="width:449.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;word-break:break-word"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:honeydew">Botany Speaker Series</span><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:honeydew"><br><br></span><strong><span style="font-size:22.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:honeydew">Allyssa Richards</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#222222"><br><br></span><span style="font-size:19.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:honeydew">This Thursday!</span><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:honeydew"><br><br></span><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:honeydew">December 12th, 2024</span></strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:honeydew"><br>7-8 pm PT</span><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#222222"><br> </span></p><h3 align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:honeydew">“Sweet Secrets of Cacti: How Ferocactus Uses Nectar to Survive and Thrive"</span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#222222"> </span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;border-top:none;background:white;padding:27.0pt 0in 33.75pt 0in;background:cover;background-size:cover" id="templateBody"><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="0" style="width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse;max-width:600px!important"><tr><td width="600" valign="top" style="width:6.25in;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;max-width:600px!important"><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;background:cover;background-size:cover"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;min-width:100%"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;min-width:100%;float:left"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://calbotsoc.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=c632809fa2b75323f2418bb1e&id=b7a9e1ad94&e=b69ac08598" target="_blank" title=""><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="298" id="_x0000_i1026" src="https://mcusercontent.com/c632809fa2b75323f2418bb1e/images/4367407f-ee55-b0b1-cf9e-659272e213ee.jpg"></span></a></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td width="596" valign="top" style="width:449.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;max-width:100%;min-width:100%;float:left"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;word-break:break-word"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt"><h3 align="center" style="text-align:center"> </h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are nectar-secreting glands located outside of flowers, playing a role in plant defense through species interactions. These structures are particularly intriguing in desert ecosystems, where plants face intense environmental pressures and unique challenges to survival. This study investigates the developmental stages of EFNs in <em><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif">Ferocactus cylindraceus</span></em>, examining how they activate in response to herbivory or environmental signals and align with the flowering and fruiting season. This is accomplished through monitoring EFN activation under various ecological conditions and analyzing their role in defensive mutualisms with native ants, as well as assessing EFN counts across the genus on phylogenetic and biogeographic scales. By exploring these dynamics, this research aims to uncover the adaptive significance of EFNs in desert ecosystems. </span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black"> Join us this Thursday!</span></strong><b><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black"><br></span></b><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">December 12th, 2024</span></strong><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black"><br><strong><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif">7-8 pm PT</span></strong></span></b><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black"><br><br>Join Zoom Meeting:</span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"><br><br><a href="https://calbotsoc.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=c632809fa2b75323f2418bb1e&id=1fc1750b89&e=b69ac08598" target="_blank"><span style="color:#007c89">https://ucr.zoom.us/j/99360585469?pwd=vfMhHpNQz8ZpASlgHCw7ZJT4tIeghA.1</span></a></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt"><div align="center"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:#34662e;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;border-radius:13px"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><a href="https://calbotsoc.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=c632809fa2b75323f2418bb1e&id=de3372cbe5&e=b69ac08598" target="_blank" title="Join Zoom Meeting"><b><span style="color:white;text-decoration:none">Join Zoom Meeting</span></b></a> </span></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt;min-width:100%;float:left"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><img border="0" width="366" id="_x0000_i1027" src="https://mcusercontent.com/c632809fa2b75323f2418bb1e/images/c2c28263-6789-7216-ee21-a443a5b21aff.jpg"></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td width="596" valign="top" style="width:449.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;max-width:100%;min-width:100%;float:left"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;word-break:break-word"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">Bio: </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"><br></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">Allyssa Richards is a Plant Biology PhD Candidate at UC Riverside in the Ecology Lab of Dr. Exequiel Ezcurra. She earned her Bachelor of Science in Biology from Cal Poly Pomona, where she focused on post-fire restoration ecology. Her current research explores extrafloral nectaries found in <em><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif">Ferocactus</span></em>, a genus of barrel cacti. Outside of academia, Allyssa is an avid collector of succulents and cacti and advocates for the conservation and ethical collection of these unique plants.</span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td width="596" valign="top" style="width:449.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;max-width:100%;min-width:100%;float:left"><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;word-break:break-word"><tr><td valign="top" style="border:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:center;line-height:150%"><strong><u><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">Upcoming 2025 Botany Speakers: </span></u></strong><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">9-Jan: Tim Dickinson, Senior Curator Emeritus, Green Plant Herbarium, Royal Ontario Museum, Canada</span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">13-Feb: Jesus Martinez Gomez, UC Berkeley</span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">13-Mar: TBA</span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">10-Apr: Richie Hodel, Northern Arizona University</span><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"><br> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:center;line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black">Want to give a talk in our botany speaker series?</span></strong><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:black"><br><strong><span style="font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif">Email us at </span></strong></span></b><strong><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode",sans-serif;color:#757575"><a href="mailto:membership@calbotsoc.org;%20rlolliff@berkeley.edu?subject=Botany%20Speaker%20Series%20Talk" target="_blank"><span style="color:black;font-weight:normal">membership@calbotsoc.org </span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#757575"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" 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