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<FONT SIZE=-1>Monday, May 9, 2005</FONT><BR><BR>
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<storytext>
<H3>Humanities Scholars Continue Their Debate Over Whether Anyone Is Listening to Them</H3>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><A HREF="mailto:richard.byrne@chronicle.com">By RICHARD BYRNE</A></FONT></P><P>
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<p class="notes">
<B><A HREF= "/daily/2005/05/2005050901n.htm">Proposed federal rules</A></B>
on equipment licenses for foreign researchers would be costly, scientists
say
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<!-- Date:20050509: -->
<p class="notes">
<B><A HREF= "/daily/2005/05/2005050902n.htm">Humanities scholars</A></B>
continue their debate over whether anyone is listening to them
</p>
<!-- Date:20050509: -->
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<B><A HREF= "/daily/2005/05/2005050903n.htm">Class of 2005</A></B> faces a
better job market than did last year's graduates, survey finds
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<B><A HREF= "/daily/2005/05/2005050904n.htm">NYU student</A></B> is charged
with bank fraud in $43-million scam
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<B><A HREF= "/daily/2005/05/2005050905n.htm">About 40 students</A></B> of
Syrian university reportedly were arrested and tortured
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<B><A HREF= "/daily/2005/05/2005050906n.htm">Canadian women</A></B> face a
glass ceiling in university administration, survey finds
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<span class="small" style="color:#CC0000;">INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY</span><BR>
<B><A HREF= "/free/2005/05/2005050901t.htm">Appeals court</A></B> overturns
controversial rule intended to prevent digital-television piracy
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<DIV ALIGN=right><FONT SIZE="-1">Philadelphia</FONT></DIV><P>
<!-- Begin Story Text -->
<P>
In recent years, concerns raised by humanities scholars in the United States about the dire state of academic publishing have deepened into an even more basic re-examination of the mission of the disciplines themselves: Are the humanities -- via publishing or pedagogy -- attempting to reach a wider public? Is anyone listening when they do speak?
<P>
Such questions were raised again on Friday at the annual meeting here of the American Council of Learned Societies, in a panel on "The Humanities and Its Publics" organized by Pauline Yu, the organization's president. Friday's discussion enlarged the debate by bringing in the perspectives of scholars deeply embroiled in public debates elsewhere in the world and representatives of organizations that straddle academe and the public sphere.
<P>
David Marshall, a professor of English and dean of the humanities and fine arts at the University of California at Santa Barbara, gave a brief survey of what he deemed to be a "misalignment" between the humanities and the public. Mr. Marshall noted that increased public interest in cable television channels such as the History Channel and the Discovery Channel signaled an "appetite" for humanistic discourse that remained generally unsatisfied by academics.
<P>
He also said that the "unexpected" re-emergence of religious belief as "a central issue of our time" had posed a conundrum for the humanities, which in many ways had separated from the serious contemplation and study of religion. "Religion," Mr. Marshall noted, "has postponed the end of history."
<P>
Mr. Marshall ended his remarks by wondering if it were possible to "put the 'public' back into the republic of letters."
<P>
That notion was taken up immediately by Ivo Banac, a professor of history at Yale University and a member of Croatia's parliament. Mr. Banac focused on the very close attention that various audiences in the Balkans had paid to his own scholarship on the former Yugoslavia. Mr. Banac's 1984 book, <I>The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics</I> (Cornell University Press), was used as a political football in the years preceding the disintegration of that nation, where it was championed, attacked, or ignored by various political and ethnic factions.
<P>
"Debates connected with history and culture are a significant moving force in southeastern Europe," Mr. Banac observed. Scholars involved in such debates, he noted, "have a tremendous responsibility not to capitulate to nationalist pressures, ... idealizations, or populism."
<P>
Jean Bethke Elshtain, a professor of social and political ethics in the Divinity School at the University of Chicago, placed responsibility for the "perceived public deficit in the humanities" squarely on the academy's side of the fence. Decrying an academic culture that proffers mainly "critique" to the public, Ms. Elshtain offered a model of scholarly public engagement as practiced by figures such as the 19th-century social activist Jane Addams as an alternative to the status quo. Among the services provided to working-class Chicago residents by Addams's central project, Hull-House, were night classes, an art gallery, and a library
<P>
"If we speak clearly and honestly," said Ms. Elshtain of the public, "they will listen. They are out there."
<P>
<P>
Robert Weisbuch, president of the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation, urged the audience to embrace both "the quiet and the noise" of academic life, and to grasp opportunities "to move from the pastoral grove to the cities of urgent events." Mr. Weisbuch, who will become president of Drew University in July, argued that the United States was undergoing "a cultural boom and academic bust simultaneously," and that "it is not the world that has refused the humanities; it is the humanities that have refused the world."
<P>
"Reconsidering that choice," he concluded, "should be the chief duty of a new generation of scholars."
<P>
The discussion period following the presentations teased out some of the fault lines of the humanities' relationship with the public. One questioner wondered if the "idea that things are complex" was being lost in the rush to clarify and amplify the voice of the humanities in public debate. Ms. Elshtain acknowledged that much of the "moral nature of art" resided in "moral dilemmas" that "are not solved at all."
<P>
But Mr. Banac cautioned that "there are certain terribly important controversies that cannot be left to ambiguity." Citing the Armenian genocide of the early 20th century as an example, Mr. Banac noted that "we have to be able to say that certain things happened, and assign a certain responsibility."
<P>
The capacity of the humanities to reach out to diverse audiences was raised by another questioner, who argued that the disciplines were not attractive to minority groups, and were far from doing the necessary self-examination to become more compelling to minorities. Mr. Weisbuch agreed that this was a "strong point," but he also cited an urgency to press forward with the discussion about the role of the humanities in public discourse as such soul-searching was in progress.
<P>
"If we wait for the perfect self-awareness," Mr. Weisbuch said, "we won't accomplish anything."
<P>
<!-- End Story Text -->
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Background article from <I>The Chronicle:</I>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="/weekly/v51/i18/18a03101.htm">Scholars Mull Their Separation From the Mainstream</A> <FONT SIZE=-2>(1/7/2005)</FONT><P>
</UL>
<P>
Opinion:
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="/weekly/v51/i30/30b00601.htm">Liberal Education on the Ropes</A> <FONT SIZE=-2>(4/1/2005)</FONT><P>
<LI><A HREF="/weekly/v51/i18/18b00501.htm">The Humanities for Cocktail Parties and Beyond</A> <FONT SIZE=-2>(1/7/2005)</FONT><P>
<LI><A HREF="/weekly/v51/i09/09b00701.htm">Religion and Culture: Views of 10 Scholars</A> <FONT SIZE=-2>(10/22/2004)</FONT><P>
<LI><A HREF="/weekly/v50/i23/23b00701.htm">A Manifesto for the Humanities in a Technological Age</A> <FONT SIZE=-2>(2/13/2004)</FONT><P>
</UL>
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